Female Intimate Hygiene and Care: A Clinical, Physiological and Preventive Approach
Female intimate hygiene and care represent an important aspect of prevention and gynecological health. Growing knowledge of the vaginal microbiota, vulvovaginal skin and mucosal physiology, and the interactions between the microbial environment, local immunity and behavioral factors has highlighted how intimate hygiene practices can significantly influence the balance of the vulvovaginal ecosystem.
This Questions & Answers provides an update on the physiological basis, microbiological determinants and main clinical recommendations concerning female intimate hygiene and care. Through eight key questions, it addresses the role of the vaginal microbiota, common mistakes in intimate hygiene practices, the characteristics of appropriate intimate cleansers, specific needs throughout the different stages of a woman’s life, and the relationship between intimate hygiene and the prevention of vaginal infections.
Particular attention is given to preserving a Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota and physiological vaginal pH, while avoiding practices potentially associated with disruption of the skin and mucosal barrier and dysbiosis. The document also emphasizes the role of gynecologists in patient education and in promoting appropriate practices to preserve vulvovaginal health.